Argand lamp or burner.



PATENTED JULY 7, 1903.

H. G. DI TNNEMANN.

ARGAN'D LAMP 0R BURNER.

APPLIOATION FILED FEB. 24, 1903.

7 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

N0 MODEL.

i t 736666 S THE NORRIS PETERS ca. FHOTO-LITHO. WASHINGTON. u c.,

PATENTED JULY 7, 1903...

H. G. DUNNEMANN.

ARGAND LAMP 0R BURNER.

APPLICATION FILED PER 24, 1903.

7 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

N0 MODEL.

,lnvelii'all I6: Din/2601x012,

PATENTED JULY 7, 1903.

No. 732,930. H. G. DUNNEMANN.

ARGAND LAMP OR BURNER.

APPLICATION FILED FEB. 24, 1908.

N0 MODEL.

m 732,930. 4 PATBNTED JULY 7, 1903. H. o. 'DUNNEMANN. ARGAND LAMP 0RBURNER.

APPLICATION FILED FEB. 24, 1903.

N0 MODEL, 7 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

PATENTED JULY 7, 1903.

H. G. .DfiNNEMANN. ARGAND LAMP 0R BURNER.

APPLIOATION FILED FEB. 24. 1903.

7 SHEETS-SHEET 5.

no MODEL.

H. C. DUNNEMANN. ARGAND LAMP 0R BURNER.

APPLICATION nun FEB. 24. 1903.

Inf/7266661,

PATENTED JULY 7, 1903.

7 SHEETS-SHEET 7.

No. 732,9o.

UNITED STATES-@P TENT Patented J'uly '7, 1903. OFFICE.

HEINRICH CHRISTIAN DITNNEMANN', OF BREMEN, GERMANY.

ARGAND .LAM-jP"O R BURNER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 732,930, dated July '7,1903. Application filed February 2'4, 1903. Serial No. 144,791. (Nomodel.)

To wZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, HEINRICH CHRISTIAN DiiNNEMANN, merchant, a subjectof the Em peror of Germany, residing at Schw. Meer42,

in the free town of Bremen,in the Empireof i exact description.

This invention has reference to Argand lamps or burners, and has for itsobject and efiect the combination of two separate parts, each of whichis known-namely, of. a perfo-.

rated cap joining onto thetop of the outer i wick-tube, through theapertures in which air is conducted against theupper edge'of the wickand strong evaporation of the combustible matter takes place, and alsoof a conical air-heater and air-supplier for burners. p

In the annexed drawings my invention is shown applied-to circular andflat burners.

Referring to the drawings, Figure.l shows the vertical section ofaburner-cap according to myinvention. Fig. 2 is an outside elevation ofsame. Fig. 3 isan elevation, partly in j section, of a lampwith acircular burner and provided with the burner-cap. Fig. 4 is a centralvertical section at line A B, Fig. 3,

viewed in the direction'of the arrow. Fig. 5 is i an outside elevationof the wick-tube.

Fig. 6 is avertical section at lineA B of Fig.

3 viewedin thedirection'of the arrow, but Without theburner-cap. Fig. 7is a perspective view of a tubular air-regulator. Fig. 8 is a frontelevation of the wick-tube, showing the tubular regulator applied. Fig.9 is a front elevation of a modified form of regulator, and Fig. 10 is afront elevation of the wick-tube with said regulator placed around it.Fig. ll is a vertical section of the wicktube, showing another form ofregulator. Fig."12-is a horizontal section of the same, taken at lines AB, Fig. 11. Fig. 13 is a longitudinal .vertical sectionof a burner-capfor flat burners,'"ta'ken at 1ine"O-D,-Fig;"15. Fig.

14 is a transverse vertical section taken at the line AB, Fig. 15. Fig.15 is a plan viewed from above the burner-cap for fiat burners shown inFigs. 13 and 14. Fig. 16 is a plan of aflat-burner appliance forlighting, heata burner-ring according to my invention.

- Fig.17 is a perspective View of the wick-tube surrounded by theperforated rim of the ring for flat burners. Fig 18 is a front elevationof the view shown in Figs. 16 and 17.

Invention applied to round burners, Figs. 1 to 12. Referrin-g to thedrawings, the burner-cap mainly consists of a ring 1), provided withapertures a. This ring is disposed at the upper inner part of a conicalmantle e, tapering upwardly and being provided with lower and upperperforations 0 cl, so taking the place of the burner-cap as customarilyfitted to this class of lamps or burners.

The burner-cap. formed as described is attached to the lamp in such amanner that, Figs. 3 and 4, the perforations of the evaporation-ringbare on a level with the upper free end of the wick-tube f and the upperend ofthe wick g protruding from the tube, so that between theevaporator-ring b and the wick-tube f there is an interstice of aboutone millimeter.

The s'ecuringof the burner-cap in the position described within thecylinder hof the lamp is effected by means of bracket-like projections2', on which the cylinderih, held in position by the gallery-clips,rests in such a manner as to admit air. I I

By means of the truncated cone on, tapering upwardly and provided withair-apertures Z, the lower edge of the mantle of the burner-cap isprevented from being displaced laterally.

The mode of action of the burner is as fol lows: The air for supportingcombustion, which enters when the lamp is lighted, is drawn in in thewell-knownmanner below the burner, is heated to a certain extent betweenthe wick-tube f and the truncated cone 6 by reason of the air, which onaccount of the suction is rapidly driven upwa'rd,striking against thatpart of the burner cap which is formed by the upper tapering part of theair-regulator e and the upper part of the evaporator 19 within same Asaconsequence the warmed air, which,more'over,'iscleflected by the act ofstriking, is driven through the apertures a of the evaporator-ring b inan injector-like manner in a radial direction from time theevaporator-ring l), which is heated by the radiant heat of the flame inclose proxration-ring b in the wick g, protruding from the wick-tube f,inside the ring b.

The advantages which are obtained by means of the employment of theburner-caps above described are, as has been ascertained by practicaltests, as follows: The light is considerably improved, while at the sametime there is a saving in the consumption of the voil. The burner doesnot necessitate the employment of any particular kind of petroleumoil.In short, the heavier kinds of oil, which in the case of ordinaryburners emit a poor light, cause smell, and smoke, will in ordinaryburners provided with the burner-caps according to this invention burnwith an exceedingly bright flame without the defects referred to.Moreover, when using the cap the burner is less sensitive to variationsin the lamp-cylinders-that is to say, it is practically immaterialwhether cylinders havin g a long foot or a short foot or a narrow or awide waist are used. Even half-length cylinders do not affect the lightto any appreciable extent. Moreover, the burner produces alight similarto incandescent gas-light and equivalent in color to an electricincandescent. When the wickg, which can be raised or lowered in thewick-tube f, has been lighted, the ambient air is driven or drawn to theflame through the apertures 72. in the gallery part 0. A portion of airso brought into the interior of the lamp will partly rise to thetruncated cone m, and thence proceed through the apertures Z, whileanother portion will pass through the triangular aperture 1, Fig. 8, ofthe wick-tube f and in the interior of the latter rise to the flame. Inorder to regulate this latter current of air to the interior of thewick-tube f, a small tube 4,

' Figs. 7 and 8, provided with perforations 2 and the uppersupporting-flange 3, is inserted in the latter.

As it is desirable that the tubular regulator 2 3 4: should be placed inposition as securely as possible inside of the wick-tubef, there may beprovided in the latter, if not already in existence in the lamp, anannular inner wall 5, which should be capable of being exchanged. Nowaccordingly as the perforations 2 of the tubular regulator 4c are moreor less nearly opposite the triangular air -aperture 1 in the wick-tubef more or less air will rise to the flame inside the wick-tube f. Thedesired regulation of the air therefore is attained by simply turningthe tube 2 3 4 around its geometrical vertical axis in order to bringthe perforations 2 more or less nearly opposite the air-admitter 1 ofthe wick-tubef, this beingeffected in any known suitable way.

The modified internal air-regulator (shown in Figs. 9 and 10) consistsof a conical sleeve 6, the triangular segment 7 of which corresponds tothe triangular air-inlet 1 of the wicktube f. Now accordingly as thesleeve 6, placed around the lower part of the wick-tube f, more or lesscompletely covers the triangular air-inlet 1 of the wick-tube f the lessor the more air will rise to the flame inside the wick-tube f, wherebythe desired internal air regulation may be attained.

The modification represented in Figs. 11 and 12 shows an annularair-regulator, which mainly consists of 'a' ring 9, provided withapertures 8. In order to secure this regulator in position upon thewick-tube f, the ring 9 is provided with a cross-bar formed by arms 10,to which is connected the hollow hub 11, the latter fitting into or onthe inner tube 12 of the wick-tube). The hollow hub 11 may of course beslit in the customary manner, so that it may hold securely in the innerwick-tube 12. The inner face or wall 13 of the wicktube f is providedwith an extension 14,which is provided with apertures 15. Accordingly asthe apertures 8 of the annular regulator more or less completely coverthe apertures 15 of the wick-tube f more or less air will be conductedto the flame, as will be readily understood.

Invention as applied to flat burners, Figs.

13 to 18. -The conical burner-cap 17, reach-' ing up above the wick-tube16, is provided with a rim 18, which is bent inward and almostvertically downward and lying against the outer wick-tube, and in thatrim apertures 19 are arranged. As will be seen, more especially from theplan Fig. 15, the apertures are not exactly opposite to each other, butare displaced toward each other. The current of air entering through theapertures 19 will strike against the part of the wall of the rim 18opposite to it, which serves as an evaporator, and be reflected by sameagain.

The receptacle 20 for holding the combustible matteris provided with ascrew-stoppered filling-hole 21 and is also provided with a handle,while at the wick-tube 16 there is,

disposed a turning-key 24 for raising and lowering the wick 23. Thefoot-frame 25, connectedwith the receptacle 20 or consisting of onepiece with same, serves for supporting a perforated sheet 26, throughwhich the current of air drawn in when the wick 23 is alight enters theburner-cap 17 and chimney 27, provided with awatching-hole 28, coveredwith mica or the like and upon which a gridplate 29 may be placed orinserted for the purpose of holding cooking utensils or the like.

For the purpose of securing the burner-cap 17 18 19 on the foot-frame 25rigid hooks 30 are disposed on the latter for the projections 31 on theburner-cap and also a spring-hook 33 for the corresponding flap 33 onthe burnercap.

In order to use the burner-cap 17 18 19, which is renewable, on bothsides, it may be provided with four flaps 31 and two flaps 33, as shownin Fig. 15.

WhatI claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. The improvements in Argand lamps or burners comprising a cap reachingup beyond the wick-tube, and having a perforated rim bent inward, andalmost vertically downward, said rim having apertures at about theheight of the upper edge of the wick, wherei by warmed air is driven ina radial direction,

on to the vapors of the combustible matter, formed at the upper edge ofthe wick; for the purposes described.

2. Improvements in Argand burners, com- *pi'isin g a burner-cap ereaching up beyond the Wick-tube f, and having a rim b bent inward; andalmost verticallydownward, said rim being provided with apertures a on alevel with the upper edge of the wick, and an internal air-regulatingappliance, adapted for connectionwith or onthe Wick-tube f, whereby thecurrent of air rising within the wick-tube f may be regulated;substantially as described.

i 3. Improvements in Argand.burners,com-

prising a burner-cap e reaching up beyond the wick-tube f, and having arim b bent inward and almost vertically downward and in whichrim-apertures a are provided on a level with the upper edge of the wick,and an internal regulating device, a tube 4 having perforations 2, andmounted for rotation in the wickwick-tube f, provided with an internalairregulating appliance, and having a rim 1) bent inward, and almostvertically downward, and in which rim-apertures a are provided on alevel with the upper edge of the wick; a ring 9, 10, 11, provided withapertures 8 and r'otatable on or in the upper part of the wicktube f,opposite to the apertures 15in same.

In witness whereof I subscribe my signa= ture in presence of twowitnesses.

HEINRICH CHRISTIAN DllNNElllANN.

lVitnesses:

F. A; BRYCE, FR. HOYERMANN.

